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About Chiropractic
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HISTORY:
In 1895 a Canadian healer, D. D.(Daniel David) Palmer discovered Chiropractic
in US.The first Japanese Chiropractor is Shegetaro Morikubo who didn't return
to Japan after his graduation of Palmer School of Chiropractic in1907. Later chiropractic was introduced into Japan by Saburo Kawaguchi who studied
at Palmer school in 1916. There was about a dozen who had studied in US
before the World War II, followed by the first postwar graduate, Kazuyoshi
Takeyachi who returned in 1969 after completing his study at National College
of Chiropractic. In 1995 finally the first international standard chiropractic
college, RMIT University Chiropractic Unit-Japan was established in Tokyo,
Japan. Both International Chiropractic College of Osaka and Murdoch University
Japan of Tokyo started in 2006. While many different practitioners such
as bonesetters, masseurs, Seitai(Japanese traditional manipulative therapists),
Oriental medicine practitioners perform spinal manipulation, the Japanese
Association of Chiropractors (JAC) consisting of 70% of qualified chiropractors
(DC) therefore this WFC national member is working hard to achieve legislation
for profession in this country.
DEFINITION OF CHIROPRACTIC:
Chiropractic (from Greek meaning treatment by hand / Kairopraktik-Japanese
pronounciation) is a health profession concerned with the diagnosis, treatment
and prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system, and the effects
of these disorders on the nervous system and general health. There is an
emphasis on manual techniques, including joint adjustment (chiropractic
manipulation).
(World Federation of Chiropractic 1999)
LEGISLATION:
Medicine has a monopoly in Japan but many drugless healing arts including
chiropractic are strongly supported by Japanese people. Chiropractic is
yet legislated because of oppositions from medical profession and other
established professional groups such as masseur, Shiatsu practitioners,
acupuncturists and bonesetters. Precedence by the Supreme Court decision
in 1960 allows anyone to practice spinal manipulations including chiropractic
if it is not harmful to people. Today's laissez faire situation created
numerous entrepreneurs and proprietary schools. Under this circumstance, ceasing the
local standard programs and starting the new international standard colleges in
the country will be the key for the future direction of the Japanese
profession.
CHIROPRACTIC IDENTITY:
Chiropractor...
- is a spinal health care expert in health care system.
- has an ability to improve function in the neuromusculoskeletal system,
and over all health, wellbeing and quality of life.
- has a specialized approach to examination, diagnosis and treatment, based
on best avilable research and clinical evidence with particular emphasis
on the relationship between the spine and the nervous system.
- is an expertly qualified provider of spinal adjustment, manipulation
and other manual treatments, exercise instruction and patient education.
(World Federation of Chiropractic 2005)
WHO GUIDELINE:
"WHO Guidelines on Basic Training and Safety in Chiropractic" was finally
compiled in November, 2005. Firstly the English edition is published and
after that French and Spanish editions followed by German, Korean and others.
Japanese edition of this guideline will be available from mid June with
the WHO approval of translation right.
WHO Guideline-English version (PDF)
WHO Guideline-Japanese version (PDF)
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D.D. Palmer
(1845-1913)
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GOVERNMENT STUDIES ON CHIROPRACTIC
| Name of Report |
Year |
Country |
Committee |
Result |
| Chiropractic in NZ The Report of the Commission of Inquiry |
1979 |
New
Zealand |
B.D. Inglis (chaireman), Betty Fraser, B.R. Penfold, et al. |
Effective |
| The Austaralian Ministry of Health Report |
1984 |
Australia |
Medicare Benefits Review Committee |
Effective |
| The Report of a commission on alternative medicine in Sweden |
1987 |
Sweden |
A commission on alt. medicine including goverment officer, educator, MD,
DC, et al. |
Effective |
The Report of Japanese Ministry of Health: Miura Report
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1991 |
Japan |
Yukio Miura (chairman), Hajime Ishida and
7 other MDs.
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Not
Effective |
| US Department of Health The RAND Study |
1991 |
US |
Shekelle, P.G. (chairman: university) , 6 MDs, 3 DCs, et al.
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Effective |
Canadian governments
The Manga Report |
1993 |
Canada |
Pran Manga (chairman: university professor)and Associates |
Effective |
| The Report of a Working Party on Chiropractic |
1993 |
UK |
Sir Thomas Bingham and 10 member-group including journalists, MDs and DCs |
Effective |
| US Department of Health and Human Services AHCPR |
1994 |
US |
Bigos S., et al. (23 commissioners and 2 DCs) |
Effective |
UK Ministry of Health
Back Pain Report
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1995 |
UK |
Clinical Standards Advisory group: 10 members including 1 DC |
Effective |
WHO guidelines on basic training and safety in chiropractic
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2005 |
WHO |
WHO consultation on chiropractic |
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About JAC
