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Chiropractic Situation in Japan
Chiropractic was first introduced to Japan by Saburo Kawaguchi who studied at Palmer school of US in 1916. Precedence by the Supreme Court decision in 1960 allows anyone to practice spinal manipulations including chiropractic if it is not harmful to people. In 1991 "Medical research on manipulative therapy for diseases of spinal origin" so called Miura Report was published by then the Japanese Ministry of Health. This report was purposely compiled to condemn chiropractic profession by to a group of orthopedic surgeons without referring any scientific literatures or articles.
.Today's laissez faire situation created numerous entrepreneurs and proprietary schools. Under this circumstance, ceasing the local standard programs and starting the new international standard colleges in the country will be the key for the future direction of the Japanese profession. The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare sees chiropractic profession as "non licensed quasi medical practice" from the following reasons.
- It is difficult to define the manipulative therapy
- It is impossible to prove chiropractic's identity, safety and effectiveness
- A large number of oppositions from medical profession and other established professional groups such as masseur, Shiatsu practitioners, acupuncturists and bonesetters, exist.
JAC claims meaningful purposes of legislation against Miura Report
- Adequate chiropractic care contributes a large benefit to Japanese society and patients
（Benefits and choices for Nation） - Chiropractic has its own identity which differs from other health care
（Separation from vested interests） - Practitioners are required to obtain degrees at chiropractic education institutions
（Establishment of Identity, Safety, Effectiveness）
GOVERNMENT STUDIES ON CHIROPRACTIC
| Name of Report | Year | Country | Commitee | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiropractic in NZ The Report of the Commission of Inquiry | 1979 | New Zealand | B.D. Inglis (chaireman), Betty Fraser, B.R. Penfold, et al. | Effective |
| The Austaralian Ministry of Health Report | 1984 | Australia | Medicare Benefits Review Committee | Effective |
| The Report of a commission on alternative medicine in Sweden | 1987 | Sweden | A commission on alt. medicine including goverment officer, educator, MD, DC, et al. | Effective |
| The Report of Japanese Ministry of Health: Miura Report | 1991 | Japan | Yukio Miura (chairman), Hajime Ishida and 7 other MDs. |
Not Effective |
| US Department of Health The RAND Study | 1991 | US | Shekelle, P.G. (chairman: university) , 6 MDs, 3 DCs, et al. | Effective |
| Canadian governments The Manga Report |
1993 | Canada | Pran Manga (chairman: university professor)and Associates | Effective |
| The Report of a Working Party on Chiropractic | 1993 | UK | Sir Thomas Bingham and 10 member-group including journalists, MDs and DCs | Effective |
| US Department of Health and Human Services AHCPR | 1994 | US | Bigos S., et al. (23 commissioners and 2 DCs) | Effective |
| UK Ministry of Health Back Pain Report |
1995 | UK | Clinical Standards Advisory group: 10 members including 1 DC | Effective |
| WHO guidelines on basic training and safety in chiropractic | 2005 | International WHO |
WHO consultation on chiropractic | Effective |
| Low back pain: Guidelines for its management | 2006 | EU | working group on European guidelines for acute low back | Effective |
| A Joint Clinical Practice Guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society | 2007 | US | 7 medical doctors | Effective |
| The Bone and Joint Decade 2000–2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders | 2008 | International BJD |
BJD Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders | Effective |
| Spinal Manipulation, Medication, or Home Exercise With Advice for Acute and Subacute Neck Pain |
2012 | US | Annals of Internal Medicine medical doctors, chiropractors, researchers |
Effective |